Simple Guide on Parallel Reasoning Questions

Intro to Parallel Reasoning Questions

This blog is a part of the “Approach Question Type” series and like all articles in this series will focus on step 4 of the “Analyze Stimulus” step. If you need a refresher on how to approach LR questions generally, make sure to check up on our blog "How to Approach the Logical Reasoning Section.”

‍Table of Contents:

• What is a Parallel Reasoning Question?
• Approach
• Example Walkthrough

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What is a Parallel Reasoning Question?

Parallel reasoning questions on the LSAT require you to identify a reasoning pattern in the stimulus and then find the answer choice that has the same pattern. This is a test of our formal logic skills — we are meant to find the same pattern of reasoning, and therefore these types of questions may be diagrammed in symbolic logic. The pattern may be logically sound or flawed. 

The skill practiced in parallel reasoning questions is very relevant to the study of the American common law system because the precedent of previous cases is used as analogical support to argue for conclusions in the present and future. In this way, we need to be adept at deciphering the parallel reasoning, if sound, to apply to present and future conclusions, and if flawed parallel reasoning, to diagnose them as so.

Question Stems

• “Which one of the following arguments is most similar in its reasoning to the argument above?”
• “The reasoning in the argument above is most similar to that in which one of the following?”
• “Which one of the following arguments exhibits a flawed pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by the argument above?”

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Approach

Our focus is on the logical process the writer uses to reach their conclusion, not on the specific content or subject matter. Pay attention to how the argument is structured in relation to the premises. In a parallel flaw question, the way in which the premises connect to the conclusion will present faulty reasoning. We must be able to spot this flaw so then we can recreate the pattern.

If you are struggling with parallel flaw questions, it might be beneficial for you to revisit our guide on flaw questions; building your foundational skills is key to breaking down the more complex questions on the LSAT. 

In parallel reasoning, we accept that the reasoning is sound, and focus on precisely how the author structures the premises to arrive at the conclusion. Be on the lookout for formal logical connections, diagram where applicable.

1) Identify the conclusion

2) Separate out the premise / evidence components

3) Analyze how the author arrives at the conclusion. Attribute symbolic logic to argument structure to match with answer choices.

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Examples Walkthrough